Is pet sterilization a purely beneficial routine procedure? Most breeders today sell companion puppies under contracts requiring spay or neuter as a condition of sale. [6]

Ingrained in current culture is the notion of pet overpopulation and to prevent the…

I. Why is a dog doing a certain behaviour?

The only reason why a dog does something is to better his situation. How can a dog improve his own situation? He does this by:

•  increasing nice feelings (positive reward)
•  decreasing…

 Positive and negative reinforcers, positive and negative punishment— these terms are no doubt familiar to you but the definitions are confusing or you may be unsure of how and when to use each. I shall endeavor to explain.…